Gum Disease & How It's Treated
Gum (periodontal) disease is an infection of the supporting tissues of the teeth. It is typically caused by poor oral hygiene habits that allow plaque to build up on the teeth and harden, eventually affecting the gums.
If left untreated, gum disease can lead to a variety of oral health issues including inflamed and bleeding gums, a receding gum line, bacteria-filled pockets between the teeth and gums, and eventual bone loss.
The type of treatment you are able to receive will depend on the severity of your gum disease. Our dentists will do a thorough assessment of your smile and create a personalized plan based on your needs.
If the disease is caught early enough, we may recommend maintaining a good home care routine combined with regular cleanings.
Stages of Gum Disease
Gum disease is one of the most prevalent oral health issues for adults in Canada. This is because it can be difficult to detect in the early stages unless you know what to look for.
There are three distinct stages of gum disease:
- Gingivitis: This is the first stage of the disease, where the gums are irritated by plaque and its toxin by-products, causing inflammation and potential bleeding.
- Periodontitis: As calculus and plaque continue to build up, the gums will start to recede. Bacteria and pus will begin to fill the pockets between your gums and teeth. This can cause moderate bone loss.
- Advanced Periodontitis: Teeth lose more support as the gums, bone, and periodontal ligament continue to deteriorate.
Signs of Gum Disease
The following symptoms may indicate the presence of gum disease:
- Bleeding gums
- Loose teeth
- New spacing between teeth
- Persistent bad breath
- Receding gums
- Red gums
- Puffy, swollen gums
- Tenderness or discomfort